One of the
classics of Civil War literature is War
Letters, 1862-1865, Of John Chipman Gray And John Codman Ropes (1927).
Recently, I read this book for the first time and enjoyed the well-crafted
letters that revealed much about the personalities of the two friends. Both men
were Bostonians. John Codman Ropes had a physical disability that prevented him
from serving in the military, but he maintained a keen interest in the war that
led to his authorship of some postwar studies.
John Chipman
Gray served on Brigadier General George Henry Gordon’s staff and ended up on the
periphery of the war. During the battle of Fredericksburg he was at Fairfax
Station, Virginia; during the Chancellorsville campaign he was at Suffolk; and
while the battle of Gettysburg was fought he was at White House, Virginia. Gray
served in operations near Charleston, South Carolina, but that was the only
major campaign he participated in. His travels even took him down the Atlantic
coast, around Florida, into the Gulf of Mexico, and up the Mississippi River
and then the White River in Arkansas. This Eastern dandy liked New Orleans (“a very bright,
pretty city, the streets are well paved and exceedingly clean”), but while on a
steamboat admitted “it is rather hard to get used to the Mississippi water.
Before drinking it is filtered in some way so that what is placed on the table
looks merely like dirty water, but the water that you wash in is exactly the
color of strong coffee with a little milk in it” (p. 359).
Gray
conceded on his journey that some of his preconceived notions were inaccurate.
“With regard to the general appearance of the Westerners, it is not so
different from our own as I had supposed, but certain it is that discipline is
most astonishingly lax…In Memphis there was a sentry whom I had to pass daily,
he was always seated in an arm-chair, his gun rested on the wall near his side,
he was often reading, and had another chair by him for the convenience of any
friend who might like to stop and chat a while. This is no solitary instance, I
might tell you of a dozen things as strange” (p. 364-365). He observed that “The
run of officers and citizens that one meets in the towns and on the boats is
much less rough than I had anticipated, and I have never seen officials more
civil and accommodating than the Captains and Clerks of the river boats. My
prejudices again the West have been materially lessened by the experience I have
had” (p. 365).
